PENSIONS: SEEKING JUSTICE
The adoption of free resignation of the AFPs by the Congress responds to a real problem: the existence of tens of thousands of affiliates to the AFP received or are receiving a pension retirement tiny. The proposal to allow these people to move into the national pension system, means that the State must assume the cost of providing these people, whom the AFP affiliated with deceptions and broken promises, a better pension.
justice on pensions is a key element of any social policy proposal and any development strategy. The elderly can not be left to their fate by a social order which "forgets" them very easily. The development only if it generates welfare, and in a democracy we must not forget this important segment of the population, considering also that we all aspire to be old someday. The state has a fundamental role to play in this regard.
In this sense, the main problem is that 77% of people over 65 who have no pension, no tiny or great, neither fair nor unfair. None. More than one million people over 65 receive zero pension. Are mostly the poorest peasants, street vendors, market porters, housewives, ie people who generally have not only pension, has no assets with which to stay - a house to rent, savings that give interest -. Dependent and their families, often poor, without autonomy and sometimes even be considered "a burden."
Is it impossible to have a system of pensions for this sector? Among our neighbors, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica and Uruguay provide minimum retirement pension financed by the treasury to those who have no other support in old age. In Bolivia, Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada introduced a system of this type. The Brazilian system has been very successful in reducing poverty among rural households, a system like this that give a minimum pension of 200 soles a month in Peru would cost 70 million soles per month. This equates to 0.3% of GDP, much perfectly fundable if one recalls that the National Agreement established the goal of raising tax revenue by 5% of GDP. The widows of victims of violence could be among the first candidates to enter a scheme of this type, which is very similar to that contained in the Plan proposed by the Reparations Commission of Truth.
Chile's recent presidential campaign took this as one of the most important, and all candidates, including two versions of the right, would need to improve and expand social pensions system, even to offer pensions to all housewives. Hopefully, these concerns go to Peru, and to see the candidates and political organizations with proposals on how to have a pension system fairer for current members of the AFP and the national pension system, especially for those living in poverty at 65, 70 or 80 years without any financial support.
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