What To Use For A Mould To Cast Lead

is a hygienic practices to prevent and control the spread of infection. It is also one of the oldest techniques, simple and important, to be performed by health personnel in all service units, to minimize the transmission of infections among patients and staff, between patients and others, or between and other staff. OBJECTIVES

The purpose of handwashing is to remove dirt and transient microorganisms from hands and reduce long-term total microbial counts, through mechanical removal of organic matter and in some cases, along with the use of antiseptic agents.

DEFINITIONS TO CONSIDER

• Flora
  transient: Also called colonizing flora or contaminants. Are germs that are present on the surface of the skin, temporary or transitional, which is acquired through contact with patients or staff infected or colonized or contaminated surfaces, easy to remove by hand hygiene. Estos organismos sobreviven en la piel por varios periodos (desde unos minutos hasta varias horas o días).
• Flora Residente: También llamada colonizante. Son aquellos gérmenes que se hallan en capas profundas de la piel y se aíslan en la mayoría de las personas, se consideran permanentes residentes, y son de difícil remoción por la fricción mecánica.
  Esta flora puede sobrevivir y multiplicarse en capas superficiales de la piel.

• Jabón: Sustancia a base de ésteres de grasa que disuelve materia orgánica. Su propósito es la remoción física de la suciedad y microorganismos contaminants. The soap has no bactericidal activity.

• antimicrobial soap: Soap contains a chemical ingredient with activity against superficial skin flora.

• Antiseptic: A chemical that is applied to living tissue in order to eliminate or inactivate pathogenic virus.

• skin antisepsis: is all that procedure significantly reduces the microbial flora of the skin or mucous membranes.

• Disinfectant: Chemical applied on surfaces or inanimate or inert material in order to kill microorganisms.

• Hand decontamination: Reducing bacterial counts of the hands by performing antiseptic friction.

• persistent or residual antimicrobial activity: Prolonged antimicrobial activity that prevents, inhibits the proliferation or survival of microorganisms after application of a product.

CONDITIONS FOR WASHING HANDS

• should not wear rings, bracelets and watches, regardless of the material they are made.
• Nails should be clean and short, about 3 mm or not more than a fingertip.
• enamel should not be used, even one who has no color (transparent).
• Avoid using artificial nails.

SITUATIONS IN WHICH we wash our hands

• At the beginning and end of the workday.
• When hands are visibly soiled.
• Before and after touching the patient.
• After contacting a source of microorganisms (blood or body fluids, mucous membrane, non-intact skin or inanimate objects that may be contaminated).
• Before and after any procedure or technique performed on the patient, but more so in the case of an invasive procedure and / or aggressive.
• After removing gloves.
• When a patient and interact with each other.

TYPES OF HAND WASHING

We have three types of hand washing:

1. HAND WASHING SOCIAL OR ROUTINE:

handwashing is routinely defined as the mechanical removal of dirt and reduction of transient microorganisms on the skin. This requires hand washing plain soap, preferably liquid, which must be vigorously with a duration of not less than 15 seconds.

Objective: Remove dirt and organic material capable of reducing the concentrations of bacteria or transient flora acquired by recent contact with patients or contaminated material.

Technique:

- Use liquid antimicrobial soap and water.

- Wet hands with water vigorously

- Rub all surfaces of hands, between fingers, at least between 10-15 "reaching up to 10 cm. below the crease of the wrist. Putting emphasis on the nail washing

- Rinse with water.

- to dry hands with disposable paper towels.

- For the closure of the key use the same towel to prevent recontamination.

The total time for the procedure is about 30 sec.

2. CLINICAL HAND WASH

which is done with an antiseptic soap solution microbial spectrum, which is fast acting, non-irritating and is designed for use in critical areas, invasive procedures, and areas of immunosuppressed patients.

Objective: Remove or eliminate transient microorganisms acquired by recent contact with patients or contaminated material.

Technique:

- Wet hands with water.
- Apply 3 to 5 ml of antiseptic soap.
- Rub vigorously for 15 to 30 seconds covering all surfaces of the hand, spaces between to the wrist.
- then dry with a paper towel by hand.
- Use towel to turn off the tap, if necessary.

3. SURGICAL HAND WASHING

washing is done by the surgical team before entering the operating room, is always given an antiseptic soap. Remember that the use of brushing is not necessary to reduce the microbial load when used antiseptic with residual effects.

Objective: To prevent pollution surgical site through the removal and destruction of transient microorganisms and reduce resident flora on the hands del equipo quirúrgico.

Técnica:

- La llave se accionara con pedal o con el codo o célula fotoeléctrica.
- Mojar las manos con agua, aplicar el jabón antiséptico 3- 5ml, restregar enérgicamente por un periodo de 5 min. en el primer lavado y de 3 min. en los lavados siguientes.
- Frotar las manos , palma con palma, palma derecha con dorso de mano izquierda y palma izquierda con dorso de mano derec ha, los espacios interdigitales de mano derecha y luego de mano izquierda.
- Con movimientos rotatorios descienda por el antebrazo derecho hasta 6 cm por encima del codo y luego antebrazo izquierdo.
- Limpie uña por nail, hand and then the other. Brushing is recommended surgery, including the nail beds and fingertips, for 2 minutes.
- Rinse hands to lift it on his elbows.
- During the procedure is recommended to keep the arms up and away from the body by promoting the runoff to the elbows. It is important not to touch surfaces or elements.
- This procedure is performed twice.
- The procedure takes 5 minutes
- Dry hands with sterile towels and forearms.
- Enter the operating room with his back to the door.

IMPORTANT:

Gloves never replace hand washing.

This simple practice is the cornerstone in the fight against nosocomial infections. The hands of health personnel are the main vehicle for exogenous contamination of nosocomial infections, associated even with the spread of multiresistant germs.

Therefore, hand hygiene constitutes an antiseptic practices more important than we realize.